International Journal of Economic and Business Management (IJEBM) is an international academic open access journal which gains a foothold in Singapore, Asia and opens to the world. It aims to promote the integration of trade, economics, and finance. The focus is to publish papers on state-of-the-art economics, business and management. Submitted papers will be reviewed by technical committees of the Journal and Association. The audience includes researchers, managers and operators for economics, business and management as well as designers and developers.